Energy and maintenance costs in pumping systems can account for 50-95% of total lifetime costs, with capital costs being in the region of 5-15%. System changes in pumping requirements, normal wear and tear and build-up in pipes can lead to a decline in efficiency of a system over time. Taking a whole of system approach to improving the efficiency of pumping systems can reduce energy and maintenance costs, and more closely match system capacity to pumping requirements. The following is a systematic approach that can be used to identify issues and improve man existing pumping system.